Study Spanish with Igor: MI FAMILIA - Vocabulario mínimo de uso conversacional. Part 3.

Another portion of family vocab. I hope you are comfortable with the vocabulary already learned.

antecestor - ancestor
procreador - forefather

(el) la descendiente - decedent

soltero - a single man
   solterón - an elderly single man
   soltera - a single woman
   solterona - an elderly single woman

viudo (-a) - a widower, widow

niñera – a nurse, babysitter

huérfano (-a) – an orphan

Check out this example: Este era un alberque para los huérfanos, cuyos padres perecieron en la Guerra. - It was an orphanage for the orphans, whos parents perished in the war.

Apellido – last name
El nombre – name
El nombre patronímico (el patronímico) – patronymic
Matrimonio – marriage, a married couple, marrying (the process of getting married)
Boda – wedding
   Nupcias (synonym) – wedding
Like in: El día de su boda estaban muy atractivos. – On their wedding day they were very attractive.
Bodas de plata (de oro, de diamantes) – silver (gold, diamond) wedding
Anillo de boda – wedding ring
   Anillo de compromise – engagement ring

Edad – age
   ¿Qué edad tiene Ud.? – How old are you? (formal)
   ¿Qué edad tiene? – How old are/is you/he/she?
   Los chicos terminan el colegio a la edad de 17 años. – Boys and girls graduate from high school at the age of 17.
   Aparenta menos edad. – She/he looks younger than she is.
El (la) adolescente – teenager
   Todavía son adolescents. – They are still teenagers.
   El mayor – elder (adult) son
   ¿Cuántos años es mayor que tú? – How many years is he/she older than you are?
   Synonym: ¿Cuántos años te lleva? - Me lleva tres años. - How many years is he/she older than you are? – He/she is three years older than I am.
Adolescencia – teenage age
El bebé – baby, toddler
Niño (-a) – a child, a boy/girl
Chico (-a) – a boy/girl (older)
Muchacho – guy, young man
Muchacha – young woman
El joven – a young male person
La joven – a young female person
La juventud – youth, the young years

Mayor – elder
   Mi hermana mayor es enfermera. – My elder sister is a nurse.
   Juan es mi hijo mayor. – Juan is my elder son.
El mayor – eldest
Menor – younger
   Su hermano menor es ingeniero. – Her younger brother is an engineer.
Pequeño – little
   Todavía es demasiado pequeño par ir al colegio. – He is too little to go to school yet.
Adulto – adult
De edad avanzada – elderly (literally – of advanced age)
   Synonym: entrado en años
Persona mayor/de tercera edad – an elderly person
Anciano (-a) – another name for an elderly person, usually very old, like a centenarian
Viejo (-a) – an old man/woman, can be a little offensive
   Hay que tener respeto a las personas mayores. – We have to respect elderly people.

Envejecer – to get old
Ahijar – to adopt (a child) (notice, it comes from the word “hijo” – just a tip to help you make sense of the word with so many vowels)
Nacer – to be born
   ¿Dónde ha nacido Ud? – Where were you born?
   Nací en Valencia. – I was born in Valencia.
Dar a luz – to have a baby (I actually especially like this phrase, because it literally means “bring/give to light”)
Educar – to bring up (think - educate)
Morir(se) – to die
   Perecer – to perish
   Fallecer – to pass away
Casar(se) – to get married OR to marry someone to someone
   Señor Pérez casó a su hija con un hombre muy rico. – Mr. Perez married his daughter to a very rich man.
   Se ha casado con un medico. – She married a doctor.
Pedir la mano – to ask for her hand in marriage
   El sábado él pidió su mano. – On Saturday for her hand in marriage.
Estar prometidos – to be engaged
Noviazgo – engagement
Regalar – to present, to give as a present
   Regalo – a present
Cortejar – to look after
Salir con alguien – to date someone
Divorciarse – to get divorced
   Synonym: separarse – break up
Estar empartenado – to be a far relative
   Ser pariente – to be close relative
   Example: No soy pariente de este señor. – I am not a relative of this mister.
Jubilarse – to retire
   Se jubiló a los 60 años. – He retired at the age of 60.
   Mis padres ya están jubilados. – My parents are already retired.
Parecerse a alguien – to take after someone, to look like someone
   Estos chicos se parecen mucho. – These boys look like each other a lot.
Ser el vivo retrato de alguien – to look very much alike (literally: to be alive portrait of someone)
   Es el vivo retrato de su mama. – She looks very much like her mother.

Now, when you are looking through these words, pay attention to the cognitive – the words that look and sound so similar to the English words. This is why I like Spanish so much – so many cognitives! Stay with me!

Lots of love, lots of respect,

Igor

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